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Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Basic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis summary (corticotropin-releasing hormone=CRH, adrenocorticotropic hormone=ACTH)The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis ( HPA or HTPA axis ), also known as the limbic -hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (LHPA axis) and, occasionally, as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal- gonadotropic axis , is a complex set of direct influences and feedback interactions among the hypothalamus , the pituitary gland (a pea-shaped structure located below the hypothalamus), and the adrenal (also called "suprarenal") glands (small, conical organs on top of the kidneys). The interactions among these organs constitute the HPA axis , a major part of the neuroendocrine system that controls reactions to stress and regulates many body processes, including digestion , the immune system , mood and emotions, sexuality and energy storage and expenditure. It is the common m...